![]() In the region on either side of the anode are coils of wire which surround the electron stream. The anode attracts the electrons which accelerate across the space between the cathode and anode, acquiring a high velocity - about 10 7 cm/s. Some 5 cm from the cathode is a positive anode (A 2) maintained at about +500 V potential. These electrons form a cloud around the cathode much like the cloud of water vapor over a heated pan of water. This surface, called the cathode (K), emits large numbers of electrons when heated. Quite near the filament is a special metal oxide surface which is in turn heated by the filament. At the base (back of the instrument case) of this tube is a small wire filament (F) which is heated to high temperature when an electric current flows through it. The nucleus of the oscilloscope is the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) - a vacuum tube some 30 cm long which you can see in the center of the instrument. When you have completed this laboratory exercise, you should be able to: (1) describe the basic components of an oscilloscope and explain the function of each (2) use an oscilloscope to measure time intervals and potential differences (3) use an oscilloscope to display periodic voltage waveforms (4) use a dual trace oscilloscope to measure phase differences between two signals. In this lab, we will not only be concerned about the shape of some electrical waveforms, but we will also make measurements with this instrument of the frequency, period, and voltage amplitude of electrical signals of an AC nature. ![]() ![]() A fundamental element of this lab is becoming familiar with this instrument and how to use it in making measurements in a variety of situations.īecause the CRO is primarily a visual display instrument, able to display the waveform of virtually any kind of electrical signal, it is usually employed in situations where the waveform is of some interest, often with some kind of AC circuit. The CRO is the heart of the auto engine analyzer and the patient monitor in a hospital intensive care ward. ![]() The device is readily at hand in every electronics shop, every radio and TV station's engineering department, and every physics, chemistry, and engineering research laboratory. The cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) is one of the most versatile instruments available in a modern laboratory. ![]()
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